TV and Drama
Thursday 3rd November 2022
Television Industries & Audience
L/O: to research the history, companies & regulators in the Television Industry.
Terminology:
Public owned TV Channel- funded by government& license fees for the public service.
Commercial TV Channel- the broadcasting of television programs and radio programming by privately owned corporate media, as opposed to state sponsorship- funded through advertisement
Convergence- joining different technologies into one device e.g. mobile phone
Watershed-the time when TV programmes which might be unsuitable for children can be broadcast. (9:30- 5:30 15+)
Segmented Market- audience divided into different groups depending on their taste and interests
Mainstream- conventional newspapers, television and other news sources that most people know about and regard as reliable - mass audience
Self-regulating-the ad industry has voluntarily established and paid for its own regulation- edit their own content
Franchise- license from company of a product to use format/show/ideas
Chanel surfing- skipping through channels
PSB- public service broadcasting- regulators demand channels fulfil certain requirements as part of their license to broadcast.
TV License- a fee paid to watch or record TV programmes as they are being shown on TV or live on an online TV service, or to download or watch BBC programmes on demand, including catch up TV, on BBC iPlayer.
Scheduling- deciding which shows to show at which time
Conglomerate- a company that owns numerous companies involved in mass media enterprises, such as music, television, radio, publishing, motion pictures, theme parks, or the Internet.
2) three channels were available – BBC1, BBC2 and ITV
4) Channel 3 services, Channel 4, Channel 5, S4C and the BBC
BBC were self-regulating
Thursday 10th November 2022
Ownership&Regulation
L/O: to explore the ownership & regulation of BBC & ITV.
Public Service Broadcasting (PSB)
In the UK, the BBC is the main PSB channel and has a strict REMIT to follow.
Other terrestrial channels have to follow a PSB remit but not as strictly as the BBC.
OFCOM regulates the BBC externally.
Internally, the BBC is controlled by a board of 12-14 members.
The Royal Charter grants a license to broadcast independently.
BBC: 'To inform, educate & entertain'
Mission, vision and values BBC
The License Fee
5 public purposes
1. To provide impartial news and information to help people understand and engage with the world around them
2. To support learning for people of all ages
3. To show the most creative, highest quality and distinctive output and services
4. To reflect, represent and serve the diverse communities of all of the United Kingdom’s nations and regions and, in doing so, support the creative economy across the United Kingdom
5. To reflect the United Kingdom, its culture and values to the world
History
formed on 18 October 1922 by a group of leading wireless manufacturers including Marconi.
PSB Remit
High quality content- Strictly Come Dancing, BBC1
Innovative & Challenging content- Panorama, BBC1
Stimulating knowledge & learning- The Chase, ITV
Informing the public- News, BBC1
Original British made- Eastenders, BBC1
Reflecting the UK's cultural identity- RuPaul's Drag Race UK, BBC1
Representing diversity& alternate viewpoints- Yorkshire Cop: police, racism&me, C4
Distinctive programming- I'm a Celeb, ITV
Thursday 17th November 2022
Commercial Channels
subscription
pay per view
sponsorship
advertising
product placement
ITV
PSB remit:
has to broadcast items of national importance
produce a variety of programmes for a wide audience
produce accessible content
Tv channels
Purpose and strategy:
other platforms available
ITV Hub, and our subscription services, ITV Hub+ and BritBox UK.
other ways to make money
ad free subscription
pay per view
box sets
online services
premium rate phone lines
product placement
reality tv shows
Tv Audiences
L/O: to explore how audiences consume Tv dramas and the appeals.
Appeal of live TV
seeing it first
second screening (comment on social media whilst watching)
audience interactivity (voting to determine outcome)
Theory: The active audience
claims any audience is active or passive
a passive audience accepts and believes everything a media text tells them, they are easily influenced and dont question any messages conveyed
an active audience interacts with a media text and makes its own decisions about whether to accept and believe everything.
audience ratings are measured by BARB.
Thursday 1st December 2022
The Avengers (1965)
L/O: research the TV Show the Avengers.
John Steed- Patrick Macnee
'all the women were beautiful'
Steed- stereotypical English men
Avengers made England look good - never showed any social problems
Emma Peel
Female counterpart was new
self-assured, heroic
still there to look good for men
male appeal
The Town of No Return
narrative
steed and peel go to a village stay in and inn and find out they are all corrupts people trying to takeover
Thursday 8th December 2022
The Town of No Return
L/O: to explore the narrative, characters and appeal of Series 4 Episode 1.
Characters
John Steed
Emma Peel
Piggy Warren
Mrs Manson
Tom Smallwood
Mr Brandon
Narrative
Steel meets Emma in her house and challenges her to a fencing match
Then get on a train to little Blazeley a sea side village because the agency they worked for suspected something was going wrong.
They stay in the top of a pub that piggy warren owns
Social Cultural
Espionage
fashion change - Emma Peel
Fear of Cold War- invasion, foreign power trying to invade the country
Uses and Gratification
Personal Identity
Information
Entertainment
Social Interaction
P - Audience would have identified with the people who lived in the village as they feared invasion, they would have hoped for more people like Peel and Steel
- younger female audience would relate to Peel as she was seen as heroic, fashionable women
-Older generation relate to Steel, drank tea, traditional style, surrounded by women
I - the audience would have learnt they are kept safe by the government
- could gain information about the world of upper class
- could gain information about the world of espionage/spies
E - distraction of real world
- at the time high production
- enjoy the danger of the heroes' situations and how they escape with style humour and sophistication
- enjoy the repetition of narrative
S - could watch the programme as a family
- would enjoy discussing episodes with friends and co- workers
- build personal relationship with characters
- a sense of Britishness gained in Britain and abroad from the programme
Context
In the pub drinking playing darts - stereotypical Britain
Jobs - teacher, blacksmith, teacher, pub landlord, fishermen
Audience would have been reassured because the villains didn't win
Characters were probably no different from them, people who go to the pub
Emma Steel reassured audience by being a strong independent women, gave younger generation hope.
Emma Peel explains the planned invasion, given very little screen time, shows that its fine it probably wont happen, not as serious as previous threats in the real world
WW2 references- Steed salutes airfield to remind audience as British triumph
Melodrama- fight scenes, over dramatic
Humour- candle scene, lights moustache on fire, enemy arriving in a bin bag makes them seem silly and not as big of a threat
Casting& Performance - attractive British agents, not so attractive enemies.
Thursday 5th January 2023
Context
L.O: to analyse representation and influence of social & cultural context in series 4 episode 1.
Piggy Warren is an ex military officer meaning he is upperclass because of his accent and moustache. Whereas the rest of the people in the village are working class.
The characters in the pub where not very welcoming towards Steed and Peel this shows that people in small seaside towns are not very welcoming towards tourists.
Emma Peel
Anti-stereotypical
Overpowers Steed in the fencing match
Solves most of the plot by herself
Fighting scene with man
Equal footing friendship with Steed
'Just finished writing for science weekly' shows intelligence
Stereotypical
Sexualised Steed when he taps her after the match
camera zooming in on her body rather then her face
Undercover teacher- traditional womens job
'MRS' Peel- because it would have been frowned upon by the older generation for a women to be seen running around with a man.
Sexuality
tied up in cat suit- hint towards bdsm new for it to shown on tv- shows sexual progression
makes a comment about her weight
Ethnicity
All characters were whits, shows that it was normal in the 60s to see big budget shows to be predominately white people.
Camera work
Mise-en-scene
Editing
Thursday 19th January 2023
Sound
music
diegetic/non-diegetic
sound effects
voiceover
parallel sound
contrapuntal sound
music playing whilst talking
music stops when he says she is an imposter
dramatic music after the fact
diegetic choir music
dramatic organ sounds when he pulls out the gun
How was camera work used to create meaning?
Make sure you choose at least two elements and explain them fully.
on mrs peel moves fast to man
behind mrs peels looking over her shoulder
close- mid shot
follows mans eyes
medium long shot of mrs peel and vicar when she walks in
moves up with them as they stand up but then stays focused on him as he speaks
focuses on gun to show importance
Camera worked is used to show meaning and authority multiple times. For example when the (real) school inspector comes stumbling through the door to warn Emma Peel of danger the camera follows him to the floor. When the school inspector is on the floor the cameras pans down at a high angle to show his weakness compared to Mrs Peel but also the inspectors.
Later in the extract camera work is used again to create meaning and show authority when the Vicar confronts Mrs Peel about also being an imposter. The camera pans down in a close up shot of the gun to highlight its importance and show the Vicar now has the upper hand against Mrs Peel and she is in danger.
Thursday 26th January 2023
Television in 2010s
2015 vs 1965
Sexuality being represented widely
Gangs
Knife crimes
More diverse representation of race.
Scheduling
Winter schedule 2015, October 2015, hoping for wide family audience
8pm weekday (Wednesday) , peak viewing time
before watershed so could not contain graphic scenes, bad language
offered range of characters and storylines
Produced by tiger aspect productions for BBC
Thursday 9th February 2023
PC Ryan Draper
Strict but with good intentions
Single father
Jake
Unexperienced, gay, Son of Chief Super, mum has cancer
Jo Moffat
affair with chief super
lives alone
good at her job
Robert Vickers ( chief superior)
son of Jake, wife has cancer, having affair with Jo, pride and determination in his job
closeup of screwdriver to show threat
hand held camera shows contrast between the police and the people- shows that inside the house was rough
mid shots throughout, set the scene- party atmosphere, alcohol etc.
over the shoulder shots to build drama- can see the threat upfront behind attacker can see Jake
Thursday 23rd March 2023
Cuffs and Social Context
L/O: To analyse representation and influence of social and cultural context in cuffs.
Uses and Gratification
Personal Identity- variety of characters from different cultures, sexuality etc to relate to
Information- find out what its like to be a police officer
Entertainment- fight scenes, police officers personal lives, humour
Social Interaction- talk about it with friends in person and online (social media)
Thursday 20th April 2023
Exam Preparation
L/O: To review the exam format and possible question types.
'show' = depict, portray, convey, construct, represent, present
1 mark a minute
question 1 5 marks
make 2 points and explain
editing
shot reverse shot during conversation
shot of police officers in cafe, switches to vehicle crashing into building
slow motion when a risk of danger - visual and sound
cross cutting- 2 things happening at the same time
question 2 10 mark
make a judgement
3 examples each explained
accurate terminology
make a judgement at the end as well
question 3 15 mark
3 or 4 examples
media language
audience
industry
representation
question 4 5 mark
scheduling
regulation - OFCOM
PSB
technology
audience appeal
question 5 10 marks
contexts
influence of social, political, contexts
difference between 1965 and 2015
effects on context on programming
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